关于国际关系的一篇

关于 UN 的一篇

问题：We have been examining the role of international organizations such as the United Nations in maintaining international order. Some people believe these organizations are essential for global peace and security, while others believe they are ineffective and should be reformed. What role do you think international organizations should play in promoting global peace and security?

文章：In response to the discussion, I agree with Andrew that the United Nations plays a vital role in upholding an ordered society. However, I also share Claire’s concern that existing systems often struggle with recurring problems like geopolitical tensions and the plight of refugees.

From my perspective, international organizations must place a high priority on safeguarding our security by regulating and overseeing global conflicts. It is short-sighted to believe that global stability should rely solely on major powers. Instead, the international community would be well-advised to promote equality by encouraging smaller nations to form unions that can counteract unilateral military influence. While ensuring absolute justice is an arduous process, fostering a more tolerant and open-minded framework will ensure that these organizations remain very rewarding for the entire global community.

写作框架：第一次写新托福作文

新托福作文可以先搭出一个清晰、稳定的两段式框架，全文写到 150 词左右通常就已经足够。

第一句：直接表态你支持谁，或者你在两人的争论中持什么立场。

• 话术：I clear agree with Andrew’s point that… 或 While Claire raises a valid concern about X, I believe Y is more critical.

第二句可以回复一下第二个人的想法

那么这个就是第一段了。

第二段开篇第一句表明自己的核心论点（From my perspective）

然后可以写一句论证

写一句Counter

再写一个解决方法（创新点）

然后揆诸当下

150个词左右 其实是差不多

精读：这篇文章是怎样展开的

下面按“段落功能—表达选择—作用”拆开阅读，方便把这套结构迁移到其他综合讨论题中。

第一段：回应讨论区（以他人观点作为切入点）

In response to the discussion, I agree with Andrew that the United Nations plays a vital role in upholding an ordered society.

• 【框架功能】：明确表态。 快速挂钩讨论区，赞同 Andrew。
• 【词汇亮点】：upholding an ordered society（维持有序社会），非常地道的学术表达，比写 maintain a stable society 更高级。

However, I also share Claire’s concern that existing systems often struggle with recurring problems like geopolitical tensions and the plight of refugees.

• 【框架功能】：展现批判性思维。 通过转折，吸收 Claire 的合理担忧，让文章显得客观、不偏激。
• 【词汇亮点】：recurring problems（反复出现的问题）、geopolitical tensions（地缘政治紧张局势）、plight of refugees（难民困境）。这三个词直接拉高了文章的学术内涵。

第二段：独立立论区（全力阐述自己的独立贡献）

From my perspective, international organizations must place a high priority on safeguarding our security by regulating and overseeing global conflicts.

• 【框架功能】：提出个人总论点。 明确指出国际组织未来的核心首要任务。
• 【词汇亮点】：place a high priority on（高度重视）、safeguarding（捍卫/保护）、regulating and overseeing（规范与监督）。

It is short-sighted to believe that global stability should rely solely on major powers.

• 【框架功能】：反向论证（驳论）。 批判错误观念，为自己接下来的“小国结盟”方案开辟逻辑空间。
• 【词汇亮点】：short-sighted（目光短浅的）、rely solely on（完全依赖）。

Instead, the international community would be well-advised to promote equality by encouraging smaller nations to form unions that can counteract unilateral military influence.

• 【框架功能】：提出具体解决方案（核心创新点）。 解释如何解决大国垄断的问题。
• 【词汇亮点】：be well-advised to（被建议/明智之举）、counteract（抵消/抗衡）、unilateral military influence（单边军事影响力，极佳的政治学词汇）。

While ensuring absolute justice is an arduous process, fostering a more tolerant and open-minded framework will ensure that these organizations remain very rewarding for the entire global community.

• 【框架功能】：总结升华。 承认现实局限，同时展望积极的未来。
• 【词汇亮点】：arduous process（艰难的过程）、fostering（培养/孕育）、tolerant and open-minded（包容与开放的）、very rewarding（非常有益的/值得的）。

题目：That makes sense. For that same friend or family member, what do you think might challenge them the most about a regular exercise program? How would you help them through this challenge?

我的回复：

I would say it is their tight working schedule. They have their own business to deal with and their own work to do, so finding time to exercise is not easy. My suggestion is for them to change their schedule. For example, they should list exercise as part of their daily routine. They could wake up at 6 a.m. every day and hit the gym for a one-hour workout. If they can stick to this schedule, they will eventually find it very beneficial for their health.

替换后：

In my view, the primary hurdle is an excessive workload coupled with oppressive deadlines. Since many are tied up at work or forced to work around the clock, finding time for strenuous sports can be an arduous process.

I believe they would be well-advised to draw up a plan that includes a strict exercise regimen. For instance, they could set priorities by making a workout their first piece of routine work each morning. By showing perseverance and willpower, they can successfully burn calories and eventually become hale and hearty. Ultimately, this commitment to health and fitness will prove to be very rewarding.

、、

题目：Okay. Imagine you are going to recommend or create an exercise program for a friend or family member who does not currently exercise. What kind of exercise or fitness routine would you recommend, and why?

我的回复：

My suggestion is to play football as a team. The first reason is that most of my friends and relatives are football fans, so playing in a team can kindle their interest to really get into it. Secondly, playing football matches once a week will help. It is not an arduous process. Everyone can play football at weekends because they have extra time to relax. Then, they can change their training schedule flexibly during their workdays.

替换：

I believe they would be well-advised to participate fully in a team sport like football. Since many of my relatives have a yearning for the game, engaging in a match would undoubtedly kindle their interest and foster a strong team spirit.

Organising a match once a week ensures that exercise does not become an arduous process. The weekend provides the perfect opportunity for such leisure activities, allowing everyone to let their hair down after a busy week. Furthermore, they can adopt a flexible arrangement for their training during workdays, ensuring that this commitment to health and fitness becomes a very rewarding part of their lives.

题目：Thank you for joining the study. I’d like to ask you some questions about exercise programs. First, do you think exercising daily is important for good health? Why or why not?

我的表达

I am a firm believer that exercising daily is beneficial for one’s health. The first reason is that if you exercise every day, your body will stay fit. If you also follow a diet, you will start to lose weight and achieve a better physique. The second reason is that sticking to a daily exercise routine, like hitting the gym for a workout, will help you maintain a better mindset. This is because your body releases chemicals like endorphins to boost your mood and help you feel better.

替换：

I am a firm believer that a daily exercise regimen is essential for maintaining health and fitness. Firstly, engaging in regular aerobic exercise ensures one remains as fit as a fiddle. When combined with healthy dietary habits, it allows individuals to shed pounds and improve their overall physical condition.

Secondly, showing perseverance in hitting the gym helps cultivate a positive outlook on life. Physical activity causes the body to release endorphins, ensuring that you feel refreshed and invigorated. Ultimately, this commitment to a healthy lifestyle will prove to be very rewarding.

题目：Good points. Finally, some people believe that it is important to have some sort of reward after a good week of exercising. What do you think would be a good reward for the program you created, and why?

我的回答：

My suggestion is to buy items like sporting shoes or workout socks that can help them exercise better during their routine. First of all, this kind of reward is not “rubbish” relaxation, such as eating junk food, which would make their exercise pointless. Rewarding yourself with better training gear is a much better choice.

修改后

I believe they would be well-advised to reward their perseverance by acquiring high-quality gear, such as professional running shoes. This is far superior to acting like fast food junkies, as following an unhealthy diet would simply cause all their hard-earned progress to go down the drain. Instead, investing in equipment that supports their exercise regimen ensures the experience remains very rewarding and encourages them to stay as fit as a fiddle

第四个版本：地道表达解析（参考来源）

• excessive workload (过重的工作负担) / oppressive deadlines (过于苛刻的截止日期): 该来源建议用这些词替换简单的 “busy” 或 “tight schedule”，能更具体地描述职场压力。

• be tied up at work (忙于工作而无暇他顾): 来源中用于形容由于工作繁忙而无法进行其他活动（如运动）的地道短语。

• work around the clock (夜以继日地工作): 替换简单的 “have a lot of work”，强调工作时间极长。

• strenuous sports (费力的/高强度的体育运动): 来源中用于描述需要消耗大量体力的运动，比简单的 “exercise” 更具表现力。

• arduous process (艰巨的过程): 来源建议用来替换 “not easy”，指需要付出艰苦努力才能完成的事。

• be well-advised to (做某事是明智的): 来源提供的建议句型，比 “my suggestion is” 更地道、更正式。

• draw up a plan (制定计划): 来源中描述制定正式计划或日程的专业搭配。

• exercise regimen (健身计划): 来源中用于描述为了改善健康或外表而进行的程序化锻炼。

• set priorities (设定优先事项): 来源中用于描述在众多任务中确定哪些需要优先完成。

• routine work (日常惯例工作): 来源中指按固定顺序做的事情，用来替换 “daily routine”。

• perseverance (坚定的意志) / willpower (意志力): 来源中用于描述克服困难、坚持计划所必备的素质。

• burn calories (燃烧卡路里): 来源中关于体育运动的地道表达，指通过运动消耗能量。

• hale and hearty (身体很健康) / be as fit as a fiddle (很健康的): 来源中形容老年人或长期锻炼者身体强健的地道习语。

• health and fitness (身体健康): 来源中用于描述身体处于良好生理状态的固定搭配。

• be very rewarding (很有回报的/值得的): 来源指出，这个短语形容某事（如坚持运动）能给人带来极大的成就感和益处。

• be well-advised to (做某事是明智的): 该来源提供的建议句型，比 “my suggestion is” 更地道。

• participate fully in (全身心参与): 来源指出，这表示积极投入某项活动，比 “play” 更有表现力。

• have a yearning for (渴望/极度喜爱): 来源中用于替换简单的 “be a fan of” 或 “like”，表达更强烈的兴趣。

• kindle someone’s interest (唤起某人的兴趣): 来源提供的地道动宾搭配。

• team spirit (团队精神): 来源中探讨团队运动或合作时的核心词汇。

• arduous process (艰巨的过程): 来源建议用来形容需要付出巨大努力的事，这里保留您的正确用法，强调运动并不痛苦。

• leisure activities (休闲活动): 来源中用于描述工作之外的放松活动。

• let sb.’s hair down (彻底放松): 该来源提供的一个非常形象的习语，指在压力之后完全放松。

• flexible arrangement (灵活的安排): 来源中描述对时间或计划进行弹性调整的地道表达。

• health and fitness (身体健康): 来源中描述身体处于良好生理状态的固定搭配。

• be very rewarding (很有回报的/值得的): 来源指出，这个短语形容某事能给人带来满足感和益处。

• exercise regimen (健身计划): 该来源指出，这个短语用于描述为了改善健康而进行的程序化锻炼，比简单的 “exercise plan” 更正式。

• health and fitness (身体健康): 来源中用于描述身体处于良好生理状态的固定搭配。

• aerobic exercise (有氧运动): 来源建议用于描述跑步、游泳等能提高心血管健康的运动，比 “exercise” 更具体。

• as fit as a fiddle (非常健康的): 该来源提供的一个地道习语，形容身体处于巅峰状态，用来替换 “keep fit”。

• dietary habits (饮食习惯): 来源中探讨饮食话题的核心词汇，用来替换简单的 “on a diet”。

• shed pounds (减轻体重): 来源中用于描述减肥的地道动宾搭配，比 “lose weight” 或 “pounds dropping” 更有张力。

• perseverance (坚定的意志): 来源建议用于描述克服困难、持之以恒的品质，这里指“坚持运动”。

• a healthy/positive outlook on life (积极的人生生活态度): 来源中用于描述心态良好、积极向上的地道表达，替换了原文中简单的 “mindset”。

• feel refreshed / invigorated (感觉焕然一新/精力充沛): 该来源指出，这两个词非常适合形容运动或休息后精神百倍的状态。

• be very rewarding (很有回报的/值得的): 来源建议用此短语形容那些能让人感到满足且有长远益处的经历。

Mock 4 speaking替换整理

原题：Great. Some people believe that the current education system needs significant changes to better prepare children for the future, focusing more on skills like problem-solving and teamwork instead of mainly teaching facts. Do you agree or disagree with this viewpoint? Why?

我的表达：

I strongly support this argument. The first reason is that we are now living in the AI era, which is developing very fast. As technology develops rapidly, new problems also come very fast. In order to solve these new problems, children need to be very resilient, smart, and prepared for these changes. We shouldn’t fear these changes. These skills should be cultivated even when they are still primary school students.

替换后的表达

I am a firm believer in this argument. We are currently living in an era of artificial intelligence, where scientific breakthroughs are speeding up the pace of social change. As technology breaks new ground at an incredible rate, recurring problems emerge, often making adaptation an arduous process.

To effectively tackle these challenges, tomorrow’s students must learn to use lateral thinking and enhance their problem-solving ability. Rather than being shrouded in secrecy or fear, children should be encouraged to welcome these advancements with open arms. Therefore, fostering these qualities should be one of the primary aims of education, and such training must be integrated into the core curriculum from as early as primary school to ensure they grow into well-rounded and well-adjusted adults.

原题：Thank you for agreeing to participate. I’d like to ask you some questions about childhood education. First, did you enjoy your school experience as a child?

我的表达：

I enjoyed my education experience as a child very much. First of all, the teachers in my primary school and kindergarten were very kind and really took care of me; I felt a lot of love and care from them. Secondly, I also learned many life skills that a child needs from them. I believe they prepared me very well to be a better student in junior high school.

替换后

I look back on my early education as a very rewarding experience. During my time in kindergarten and primary school, I was fortunate enough to have teachers who were true mentors. They effectively took me under their wing, providing a level of care that fostered a strong sense of belonging.

Beyond basic academics, they helped me acquire knowledge and essential problem-solving abilities that every child needs. I am a firm believer that their guidance formed the basis of my future academic attainment, ensuring I was well-prepared to become a well-rounded student in junior high school.

原题： Tell me about a school project or activity you participated in. What made that project or activity special?

我的表达：

I took part in a Go club when I was in primary school. I found a lot of interest in it. By playing Go, I also learned how to compete with others using my brain. It is a good activity to exercise children’s minds and is beneficial for their future studies. Also, I met many new friends while playing Go because it is interesting to play with others.

替换后：

During my time in primary school, I chose to participate fully in an extra-curricular activity—the Go club. This experience kindled my interest in strategy and logical thinking from a young age. Playing Go was more than just a game; it was intense mental work that forced me to use lateral thinking to outsmart my opponents.

I am a firm believer that such activities form the basis of a child’s problem-solving ability, which significantly enhances their future academic performance. Furthermore, it provided a wonderful platform to socialise with others and get along with like-minded peers, making the whole experience very rewarding

原题：Interesting. Tell me a little about the technology you used during your childhood education. Do you feel like that technology prepared you for life after school? Why or why not?

我的表达：

Since I am twenty years old now, the technology back when I was a child was not very avant-garde; it was actually a little bit outdated. The main technology I encountered as a child involved watching TV and DVDs, including some educational series on DVD. By listening to and watching them, I formed a basic knowledge of the world.

替换后

As a twenty-year-old, I recall that today’s scientific breakthroughs had not yet become widely available during my early years. Back then, technology was somewhat outdated compared to the current information highway. Instead of artificial intelligence, the primary multimedia tools I used were televisions and DVDs.

Engaging with educational serials on these platforms kindled my interest in various subjects and formed the basis of my understanding of the world. I am a firm believer that this process allowed me to acquire knowledge effectively. Even though it wasn’t as advanced as modern systems, the experience was very rewarding and ensured I was well-prepared for my future academic attainment.

表达替换汇总

核心地道表达解析（复习重点）

1. use lateral thinking (使用发散性思维): 比smart更有力气
2. form the basis of (为…下基础): 这是描述“基础教育”或“早期经历”对未来影响时的万能句型，指为后续事物的持续发展提供想法或行动支撑。
3. academic attainment (学业成就): 常用
4. be very rewarding (很有回报): 就是“好”
5. take someone under sb.’s wing (悉心关照某人): 老师关爱学生的表达
6. scientific breakthroughs (科学突破)